Control Flows

There are three types of control flow in Dinfio: Conditional if, loop for, and loop while.

• Conditional if is used to execute different block of statements based on certain conditions.
• Loop for is used to execute block of statements repeately with a specified number of times.
• Loop while is used to execute block of statements again and again as long as the condition is true.

Conditional if

Pattern 1:

if condition
    ' Statements to be executed if condition is true
endif

Example:

score = 90
 
if score >= 80
    writeln("Your grade is A")
endif
 
' Output: Your grade is A

Pattern 2:

if condition
    ' Statements to be executed if condition is true
else
    ' Statements to be executed if condition is false
endif

Example:

a = 45
 
if a >= 50
    writeln("Passed")
else
    writeln("Didn't pass")
endif
 
' Output: Didn't pass

Pattern 3:

if condition_1
    ' Statements to be executed if condition_1 is true
elseif condition_2
    ' Statements to be executed if condition_1 is false and condition_2 is true
endif

Pattern 4:

if condition_1
    ' Statements to be executed if condition_1 is true
elseif condition_2
    ' Statements to be executed if condition_1 is false and condition_2 is true
else
    ' Statements to be executed if all conditions are false
endif

Example:

score = 70
 
if score >= 80
    writeln("Grade is A")
elseif score >= 70
    writeln("Grade is B")
elseif score >= 60
    writeln("Grade is C")
else
    writeln("Grade is D")
endif
 
' Output: Grade is B

Loop for

Pattern:

for counter, start, end, [step]
    ' Statements
endfor

counter is control variable for the loop, start is the initial value of counter, end is the final value of counter, and step is the amount by which counter is incremented each time through the loop. step is optional, default value is 1.

Example:

for i, 1, 5
    writeln(i)
endfor

Output:

1
2
3
4
5

Another example:

for i, 5, 1, -1
    writeln(i)
endfor

Output:

5
4
3
2
1

You can stop the loop immediately using keyword break:

for i, 1, 100
    writeln(i)
 
    if i == 4
        break
    endif
endfor

Output:

1
2
3
4

Loop while

Pattern:

while condition
    ' Statements to be executed again and again as long as condition is true
endwhile

Example:

i = 1
 
while i < 5
    writeln(i)
    i += 1
endwhile

Output:

1
2
3
4

Just like loop for, you can stop the loop while immediately using keyword break as well:

i = 1
 
while i < 50
    writeln(i)
 
    if i == 5
        break
    endif
 
    i += 1
endwhile

Output:

1
2
3
4
5

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Documentation version: 1.0.14. Updated on: 22 August 2024.
Dinfio is designed and written by Muhammad Faruq Nuruddinsyah. Copyright © 2014-2025. All rights reserved.